As our little daughter is only 8 month old we wanted to provide her a sheltered place to sit in in the 25 degrees and we wanted to visit the house while we swap over looking after her as . There is also a kitchen, equipped with a dishwasher, oven and microwave. "How Slave Labor Built the State of Florida Decades After the Civil War." The Standard Guide to St. Augustine. It added its own pipelines, tank cars, and home delivery network. To further convince Flagler to continue the railroad to Miami, he was offered land in exchange for laying rail tracks from private landowners, the Florida East Coast Canal and Transportation Company, and the Boston and Florida Atlantic Coast Land Company. [citation needed], Although Standard Oil was a partnership, Flagler was credited as the brain behind the booming oil refining business. The Paris Rothschilds jumped into the fray providing financing. Mrs. First, Dr. Anderson worked through the bureaucracy to get Flagler approval to fill in the marshland that was west of the original town plan. In fact, the exterior bares a memorial script to his daughter who perished giving birth to his . "The Peonage Controversy and the Florida East Coast Railway,", Graham, Thomas. [7] The partnership eventually grew into the Standard Oil Corporation. His body was sent to St. Augustine on May 23 where he was laid to rest along side of his his first wife Mary Harkness in the Memorial Presbyterian Church mausoleum built for his daughter Jennie Louise. Gainesville, FL. During this time he worked to pay back his stepbrother. Visually exquisite, the Flagler Memorial Presbyterian Church was built by Henry Flagler in 1889. Flagler's wife died shortly after the partnership was formed. https://staughs.com/the-mary-lily-kenan-conspiracy/. By 1896, Flagler's railroad, the Florida East Coast Railway, reached Biscayne Bay. The National Petroleum Exchange opened in Manhattan in late 1882 to facilitate the oil futures trading. July, 1975. pg. "The Flagler Pavilion was built across the street at Edgewood for the Flaglers' daughter Elizabeth's 1927 wedding to J. Andrews Harris lll," said Millbrook Historian David Greenwood. Luckily, the couple found the city to be even more promising than before. Flagler went on to build the Memorial Presbyterian Church for Jennie and her baby daughter Margery in St. Augustine. [22] Despite improving the quality and availability of kerosene products while greatly reducing their cost to the public (the price of kerosene dropped by nearly 80% over the life of the company), Standard Oil's business practices created intense controversy. After their wedding, the couple traveled to Saint Augustine. Henry Morrison Flagler was born on January 2, 1830. [citation needed], One of the most effective attacks on Flagler and Rockefeller and their firm was the 1905 publication of The History of the Standard Oil Company, by Ida Tarbell, a leading muckraker. [21], Standard Oil gradually gained almost complete control of oil refining and marketing in the United States through horizontal integration. "[55], Flagler allegedly used convicts leased from Florida prison camps, the majority of them African-American, to clear land for the Royal Palm Hotel in Miami and to build the Florida East Coast Railway from West Palm Beach to Miami and the rail extension to Key West. [1], Flagler was born in Hopewell, New York. She had two sons from her previous marriage. After her husband died, Julia and her children returned to Ft. Dallas and purchased 640 acres on the north shore of the Miami River. Henry Morrison Flagler was born on January 2, 1830 in Hopewell, New York, to Reverend and Mrs. Isaac Flagler. In 1897, Flagler opened the exclusive Royal Palm Hotel on the north bank of the Miami River where it overlooked Biscayne Bay. Volume 86, Number 514, 1893. VisitStAugustine.com, 2022. Smith helped train the masons on the mixing and pouring techniques he used on Zorayda. Flagler's second wife, the former Ida Alice Shourds, was declared insane[50] by Flagler's friend Dr. Anderson in 1896 and was institutionalized on and off starting that year. He declined the honor, persuading them to use an old Indian name, "Mayaimi". 1-17. However, Smith had fallen on some hard times and sold the hotel to Henry Flagler not long after it opened in 1888. He was a key figure in the development of the eastern coast of Florida along the Atlantic Ocean and was founder of what became the Florida East Coast Railway.He is known as the father of Miami, Florida. [20] The New York State Legislature's Hepburn Committee in 1879 conducted hearings in response to the complaints of local merchants that were not involved in the oil trade in order to investigate railroad rebate practices. Graham, Thomas. whereas said Henry M. Flagler has recently lost by death a beloved daughter and in affectionate remembrance of her has been desirous of erecting some worthy monument to her Memory and believing that nothing should be more accordant with her known wishes and the tenor of her life on earth than that such Memorial should be a temple devoted to the worship of God and the teaching of that living faith in which she lived and died has erected in the City of St. Augustine a church edifice in loving . APA: VisitStAugustine.com. 1. Bowman, Bryan & Kathy Roberts Forde. Enamoured by what Henry Flagler had been up to down south, droves of rich tourists made that harrowing journey to St. Augustine. It kept oil prices low to stave off competitors, made its products affordable to the average household, and, to increase market penetration, sometimes sold below cost if necessary. Flagler renamed it the Hotel Cordova, after the street that it was on. Today, when you ask someone if they know about Henry Flagler, they are likely to answer with a shake of their head and a shrug. [43], When Flagler's first wife Mary (ne Harkness) fell sick, his physician recommended they travel to Jacksonville for the winter to escape the brutal conditions of the North. Craze became frenzy when Mary Lily Kenan and Henry Flagler married on August 24th, 1901. Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 - May 20, 1913) was an American industrialist and a founder of Standard Oil, which was first based in Ohio. During the early 1880s, Flagler outsourced the care of young Harry to his half-sister Carrie and daughter Jennie Louise. Those who failed to fulfill these expectations were often punished for it. Mary's health was poor throughout her life, although she and Henry had three children: Jenny Louise, Carrie, and Harry Harkness. She had been en route to St. Augustine from Charleston, South Carolina on the schooner Oneida. In 1877, Flagler and his family moved to New York City, which was becoming the center of commerce in the U.S.. She left the millions she inherited to members of her family and to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. After construction for the Ponce de Leon and the Alcazar were underway in St. Augustine, Flagler's railroad properties started to expand southwards. The same year that she arrived in New York, her doctors insisted that she spend the winter in a kinder climate. Please disable your ad blocker to view the video content. Henry Morrison Flagler (1830-1913) built this church to the glory of God as a memorial to his daughter, Jennie Louise Flagler Benedict, who passed away as a result of childbirth in 1889. "[57][58], According to historian Joe Knetsch, reformers and muckrakers exaggerated charges of peonage regarding construction of the Florida East Coast Railway in 1893 to 1909. In 1887, Congress created the Interstate Commerce Commission, which was tasked with enforcing equal rates for all railroad freight, but by then Standard depended more on pipeline transport. Henry Morrison Flagler was born in Hopewell, New York on January 2nd, 1830 to Isaac Flagler and Elizabeth Caldwell Harkness Flagler. Dr. Shelton had attended Flagler's daughter Jennie Benedict when she died from complications after childbirth in 1889. [citation needed], When looking back at Flagler's life, after Flagler's death, George W. Perkins, of J.P. Morgan & Co., reflected, "But that any man could have the genius to see of what this wilderness of waterless sand and underbrush was capable and then have the nerve to build a railroad here, is more marvelous than similar development anywhere else in the world. What kind of a man was Henry Flagler and why do you think this? Finally, Dan Harkness (7 perhaps Henry's favorite sibling), was Henry's mother's son from her first husband. Through his work with the Harkness company, Henry Flagler made the acquaintance of John D. Rockefeller. McGuire & McDonald were in charge of construction. The state provided incentive in the form of 3,840 acres (15.5km2) for every mile (1.6km) of track constructed.[49]. Here is a list of Flagler's hotels (that he either purchased or built) along Florida's east coast: To learn more about Henry Flagler's East Coast Railway, consult the 'Works Referenced' section at the end of this Historical Person profile. Pennzoil and Chevron have remained separate companies. It was a small town of roughly 1,000 individuals, but familial connections led to a job at a general store. One day when very old he went on a drunken spree. Mary Harkness had been frail since childhood and her father often sent to a boarding school Savannah, Georgia as a means of sparing her from harsh northern winters. [17]This subsidiary, the Empire Transportation Company, which Joseph D. Potts created in 1865 and also ran, owned other assets including a small fleet of ships on the Great Lakes. Day 2 - Flagler Legacy Tour - Flagler's Churches - St. Augustine Distillery - Dinner at Ice Plant Bar This morning after breakfast, meet your local guide for a Flagler Legacy Tour. We correct them as soon as they come to our knowledge. He was best known for being a Entrepreneur. The current sanctuary building that is seen today was built in the late 1880s and early 1890s by gracious donations from Henry Morrison Flagler. His grandson Solomon changed the spelling of the surname to Flagler and passed it on to his 11 children. [30] Additional fields were discovered in Burma and Java. Carrie died at the age of 3. HENRY FLAGLER "Father of Florida" American Industrialist Early Days was born on January 2, 1830 in Hopewell, New York, raised in a. As the 1870s progressed, Henry Flagler, John D. Rockefeller, and their families began to move from Cleveland to New York and back again about twice a year such were the demands of their beloved business. "Flagler's Magnificent Hotel Ponce de Leon," FL: The Florida Historical Quarterly, Issue 54, Volume 1. His business dealings, along with those of partner John D. Rockefeller's, were laid out in painstaking detail by one bold muckraker of the era, Ida But Standard Oil adapted, developing its own European presence, expanding into natural gas production in the U.S., then into gasoline for automobiles, which until then had been considered a waste product. [16] The railroad, seeing Standard's incursion into the transportation and pipeline fields, struck back and formed a subsidiary to buy and build oil refineries and pipelines. Henry Morrison Flagler was an American industrialist and a founder of Standard Oil. Along with the Ponce de Leon Hotel complex (which included four buildings in total), Flagler was also spending money on the construction of several other projects, including an estate for himself and his second wife, Ida Alice Flagler. Julia was born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1849 to Ephraim Sturtevant and his wife. A Second Wife and a Second Career. [13] Eventually, even former antagonists Pratt and Rogers saw the futility of continuing to compete against Standard Oil: in 1874, they made a secret agreement with their old nemesis to be acquired. [11] The cartel received preferential treatment as a high-volume shipper, which included not just steep rebates of up to 50% for their product but also rebates for the shipment of competing products. Though Flagler and Rockefeller had long maintained a policy of active silence with the press, they decided to make themselves more accessible and responded with conciliatory comments such as "capital and labor are both wild forces which require intelligent legislation to hold them in restriction. Together, the three set their sights on opening a distillery that would serve nearby railroad workers. Along with the mounting unrest between himself and Ida Alice, Flagler was also butting heads with his son, Harry. Mary and Henry's first child was Jennie Louise (born March 1855), then Carrie (born June 1858 and named after Henry Flagler's older half-sister, Caroline), then finally, Harry Flagler (born December 1870). Chandler, David Leon. Louis Comfort Tiffany (who was about ten years into his monumental career) was hired to decorate the hotel and craft its windows. His attention was consumed by the business of his hotel chains and expanding railroad empire. Mary Flagler Cary (1901-1967) was the daughter of Harry Harkness Flagler, and granddaughter of Henry Morrison Flagler, one of the founders of Standard Oil. Their only son was born in 1870. The grand marble building was named by the final Mrs. Flagler herself: "Whitehall." [39] According to Allan Nevins, in John D. Rockefeller (p 292), "Standard Oil was born as a big enterprise, it had cut its teeth as a partnership and was now ready to plunge forward into a period of greater expansion and development. MLA: VisitStAugustine.com. After finishing the eighth grade at fourteen, Henry followed his half-brother Dan to Ohio. Flagler and Rockefeller had envisioned the use of pipelines as an alternative transport system for oil and began a campaign to build and acquire them. He was also a key figure in the development of the Atlantic coast of Florida and founder of the Florida East Coast Railway. He built a railroad bridge across the St. Johns River to gain access to the southern half of the state and purchased the Hotel Ormond, just north of Daytona. Graham, Thomas and Leslee F. Keys. Gainesville, FL. Indeed, there was a legal loophole provided to affluent Americans they were allowed to pay $300 to the government and hire a substitute to serve in their place. It was in the late 1850s that Flagler met John D. Rockefeller who was working for a Cleveland grain broker and traveled the hinterlands in search of business. Nothing major just language that "[made] incurable insanity a ground for divorce.". Two years after his first wife died in 1881, he married again. Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 May 20, 1913) was an American industrialist and a founder of Standard Oil. "Henry M. Flagler's Hotel Ponce de Len.". In a few years, it seems he embraced the life of a wealthy widower. He was also a key figure in the development of the eastern coast of Florida along the Atlantic Ocean and was founder of what became the Florida East Coast Railway. Perhaps Henry Flagler already planned that he would need a physician to confirm his wife suffered from insanity. In fact, after completing the eighth grade, he decided to leave home and went to Ohio to find his fortune. 2. The Alcazar Hotel and Casa Monica Hotel have their own fascinating histories. Education He was 83 years old. "The Mary Lily Kenan Conspiracy." [53], On August 24, 1901, 10 days after his divorce, Flagler married Mary Lily at her family's plantation, Liberty Hall, and the couple soon moved into their new Palm Beach estate, Whitehall, a 55-room beaux arts home designed by the New York-based firm of Carrre and Hastings, which also had designed the New York Public Library and the Pan-American Exposition. [citation needed], Flagler's third wife, Mary Lily Kenan Flagler Bingham was born in North Carolina. VisitStAugustine.com. "[38] Flagler and Rockefeller worked hard for their company to achieve such prominence. However, the boom did not last. However, much to Flagler's chagrin, he had no legal grounds to be granted a divorce from Alice in New York or Florida. (However, when Harry Flagler was asked about this later, he denied that Ida Alice had ever been his mother's nurse.). Even more critical, the invention of the light bulb gradually began to erode the dominance of kerosene for illumination. Timeline Sources cited Graham, T. (2014) Mr. Flagler's St. Augustine (A Florida Quincentennial Book). He married his second wife, Miss Ida Shrouds, the daughter of a Philadelphia minister, in 1883. His wife, Mary Harkness, had never been of robust health; she had borne three children. This 'FEC' project had been underway since the late 1880s, when Flagler purchased the St. Augustine & Halifax Railroad in Jacksonville. After his first wife's death, Flagler developed a . (Context from a 21st-century author: This story takes place nearly two generations before women were granted the right to vote a time when we were generally valued for being subservient, delicate, and fertile. The railroad was financially unable to rebuild the destroyed sections, so the roadbed and remaining bridges were sold to the State of Florida, which built the Overseas Highway to Key West, using much of the remaining railway infrastructure. He was even given permission to use the coquina quarry on Anastasia Island to source materials for his state-of-the-art hotels. The top-ranked Kenan-Flagler Business School at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is named for Flagler and his wife, who was an early benefactor of UNC along with her family and descendants. Second Marriage, Second Sojourn to St. Augustine After a time, Flagler began to turn over some of his duties at Standard Oil to younger blood. [23] The firm was attacked by journalists and politicians throughout its existence, in part for these monopolistic methods, giving momentum to the antitrust movement. Welcome to Ms. Collins, Ms. Bellino, and Ms. King's 4th grade history virtual fieldtrip! Standiford, Les. Two years later, he expanded his Florida holdings. Harry and Annie's daughter Jean Louise Flagler made Palm Beach a large part of her life. It seems that if too many limits had been placed on Henry Flagler's projects, St. Augustine would not be the city we know today. When he was 23, Flagler married Mary Harkness, a frail, 20-year-old cousin of Dan Harkness. My 4th great-grandmother, Elizabeth Howes, married (1) William Jones (my ancestor) and (2nd) Colonel Henry Ostrom, of Pleasant Valley & Patterson, Dutchess County, NY. It is one of his most significant projects, because it was constructed as a memorial to Flagler's only daughter, Jenny. We Floridians have a very specific image of Henry Flagler in our minds: he is an old man with bright eyes cast in bronze. He also built the Alcazar Hotel as an overflow hotel for the Ponce de Leon Hotel. [33] Ohio was especially vigorous in applying its state anti-trust laws, and finally forced a separation of Standard Oil of Ohio from the rest of the company in 1892, the first step in the dissolution of the trust. Ida Alice (ne Shourds) Flagler had been a caregiver for Mary. When he was a toddler, his two older half-sisters moved to New York to live with family, and Caroline ('Carrie') and Dan were Henry's constant companions. The Hotel Alcazar is now the location of St. Augustine City Hall and the Lightner Museum, and the Casa Monica Hotel is still in business to this day. Flagler commissioned the architects and builders of his other St. Augustine buildings to create the Venetian Renaissance Revival style . There, they were both given work by Lamon Harkness, who was the brother of Dan's late father. [62], Flagler was entombed in the Flagler family mausoleum at Memorial Presbyterian Church in St. Augustine alongside his first wife, Mary Harkness; daughter, Jenny Louise; and granddaughter, Marjorie. Flager and his lawyers defeated all legal challenges and neither the company or its employees were ever convicted in court. A large portion of his estate was designated for a "niece" who was said actually to be a child born out of wedlock. St. Augustine, FL: Flagler College, 2013. The visionary widow from Ohio bought hundreds of acres at what is now Downtown Miami, moved down on a barge, and eventually convinced railroad man Henry Flagler to extend his new railway to the Miami River by sending him an unusual package. These included, among many others, Continental Oil, which became Conoco, now part of ConocoPhillips; Standard of Indiana, which became Amoco, now part of BP; Standard of California, which became Chevron; Standard of New Jersey, which became Esso (and later, Exxon), now part of ExxonMobil; Standard of New York, which became Mobil, now part of ExxonMobil; and Standard of Ohio, which became Sohio, now part of BP. [51] In 1901, Flagler bribed the Florida Legislature and Governor to pass a law that made incurable insanity grounds for divorce, opening the way for Flagler to remarry. Harry, her son, was eleven years old. Instead, an artificial island was constructed in Biscayne Bay called Flagler Monument Island. He never recovered and died in Palm Beach of his injuries on May 20, 1913 at 83 years of age. Mary Harkness Flagler was the sweet, unpretentious first wife of Henry. It was that shrewd attitude that caught the eye of one John D. Rockefeller. Played by Tom Amandes. Flagler County, Florida, Flagler Beach, Florida and Flagler, Colorado are also named for him. Though Henry Flagler didn't join in on the war, it certainly affected his career choices. Henry Flagler was born on January 2, 1830, in the little village of Hopewell, in upstate New York, to Elizabeth and Isaac Flagler. . But in the aftermath of that battle, in 1879 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania indicted Flagler and Rockefeller on charges of monopolizing the oil trade, starting an avalanche of similar court proceedings in other states and making a national issue of Standard Oil's business practices. And even Thomas Edison had his hand in this project, having been responsible for wiring the entirety of the Hotel Ponce de Leon with electricity. After a few short weeks, the family all moved back to New York, much to the detriment of Mary Harkness Flagler's health, which got progressively worse in the coming years. He is known as the father of Miami, Florida, and founded the city of Palm Beach. [11] Part of this scheme was the announcement of sharply increased freight charges. Rockefeller admitted later, "We realized that public sentiment would be against us if we actually refined all the oil. "[35], Flagler and Rockefeller continued to consolidate their oil interests as best they could until New Jersey, in 1909, changed its incorporation laws to effectively allow a re-creation of the trust in the form of a single holding company. Because he had a hard personal life and was a cutthroat business man. It was Flagler's idea to use the rebate system to strengthen the firm's position against competitors and the transporting enterprises alike. "For the longest time, I could not imagine why Jean would save Whitehall," said Mr. Ponce. 1888: The Ponce de Leon Hotel in St. Augustine, 1888: The Casa Monica/ Cordova Hotel in St. Augustine, 1894: The Royal Poinciana Hotel in Palm Beach (on Lake Worth), 1897: The Royal Palm Hotel on the banks of the Miami River, 1901: The Breakers Hotel in Palm Beach (on the Atlantic Coast). Though a hard worker, Flagler was widely recognized as a ruthless businessman. "[24] To the critics Flagler and Rockefeller replied, "In a business so large as ours some things are likely to be done which we cannot approve. NY By genealogy.com user October 24, 1999 at 04:39:45. From there on out, Dr. Anderson was a major supporter and confidant of Henry Flagler, often acting as his business liaison in St. Augustine when Flagler was out of town. He was connected with government officials and industry elites. the Trust and Non-Profit Organization established by Flagler's grand-daughter Jean Flagler Matthews, to preserve Whitehall, has . The Zorayda's poured coquina and concrete structure, Spanish architecture, and lavish interior inspired Flagler, who actually tried to buy the building, but was denied. Flagler engaged Thomas Hastings and Jean Carrere of the Carrere & Hastings architectural firm to design the hotel. Within six years, Henry was earning enough money to purchase a showy Victorian house in Bellevue. His father was a Presbyterian minister, Isaac Flagler. Henry Morrison Flagler was born on January 2, 1830 in Hopewell, New York. Knetsch concludes that "Flagler in fact provided health care for his employees and was a far better employer than the press alleged. Only his son Harry survived of the three children by his first marriage in 1853 to Mary Harkness. This was the case for many wealthy men during the Civil War, including Henry's future business partner, John D. Rockefeller. Having bought land for the hotel, Flagler's goal was to build a pleasure palace and turn St. Augustine, Florida, into a 'Winter Newport'. Due to the harsh working and living conditions in the railway construction camps, many workers became victims of debt slavery. "I never had an animus against their size and wealth, never objected to their corporate form. Flagler found the city charming, but the hotel facilities and transportation systems inadequate. [56][57], When the Department of Justice prosecuted four Flagler employment agents in 1908 for "conspiracy to hold workmen in peonage and slavery," the Flagler-owned The Florida Times-Union and other Florida newspapers depending on the Times-Union for material or owned by Flagler published articles to "influence juries and public opinion." In February of 1885, the couple took a delayed honeymoon to St. Augustine Ida Alice was thirty-seven and Henry Flagler was fifty-five. He was a founder of Standard Oil. [52] A spouse's mental incapacity was later restored by the legislature as a grounds for dissolution of marriage, and remains the law of Florida today. (2022) "Historical Person Profile: Henry Flagler." In just eighteen months of harried work and lavish spending, the Ponce de Leon Hotel was opened for business in January of 1888. Immediately, she began taking advantage of the fortune she had married into like any budding socialite, she loved gowns, jewelry, and yachts. However, this kindly nickname does not do justice to the full story of Flagler, who was nearly fifty years old when he first set foot in Florida in 1878. By the end of the 1870s, Standard was refining over 90% of the oil in the U.S.[15], In 1877, Standard clashed with Thomas A. Scott the president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, its chief hauler. The church was dedicated in March 1890. Perhaps those years after the Civil War were what imbued Flagler with his infamously shrewd business practices. Thus began an era of Flagler's life that he never spoke about to the press one of scrimping and scraping. Flagler was eighteen years older than his 35-year-old bride. Such incentive led to the development of Miami, which was an unincorporated area at the time. [1] The Royal Poinciana Hotel was at the time the largest wooden structure in the world. Henry had 3 siblings: Melacinda Flagler and 2 other siblings. Henry Flagler's first visit to Florida was in the winter of 1878-9. In less than four months in 1872, in what was later known as "The Cleveland Conquest" or "The Cleveland Massacre", Standard Oil had absorbed 22 of its 26 Cleveland competitors. In 1869, Henry Flagler began buying out small oil refineries on behalf of John D. Rockefeller, who had it in his mind to monopolize the oil industry in Ohio. Despite her frail health, though, she was the only one of Henry Flagler's three wives to bear him any children. In the kerosene industry, Standard Oil replaced the old distribution system with its own vertical system. In January of 1870 at the age of 40, Flagler officially co-founded Standard Oil alongside John D. Rockefeller. From various newspapers, 1887 - 1895. In 1853, young Henry followed suit when Lamon Harkness' middle daughter, Mary, became his first wife. I was willing that they should combine and grow as big and wealthy as they could, but only by legitimate means. University Press of Florida. St. Augustine, Florida 3 episodes. It was reported that people along the railway line waited all night for the passing of the funeral train as it traveled from Palm Beach to St. Birth Name: Henry Flagler Occupation: Entrepreneur Place Of Birth: NY Date Of Birth: January 2, 1830 Date Of Death: May 20, 1913 Cause Of Death: N/A Ethnicity: Unknown Nationality: American Henry Flagler was born on the 2nd of January, 1830. That year he reportedly gave her more than $1 million in jewelry. After two years of institutionalization and much assessment by the courts, Ida Alice Shourds Flagler was legally ruled incurably insane in 1899. As you go through the . That same year Flagler completed the Hotel Continental in Jacksonville. The Venetian Renaissance style of the church is reflected in the pointed arches and Byzantine dome. Nine trustees, including Rockefeller, ran the 41 companies in the trust. An immense engineering effort was required to cut through the wilderness and marsh from St. Augustine to Palm Beach. His half-brother Daniel had left Hopewell to live and work with his paternal uncle Lamon G. Harkness, who had a store in Republic, Ohio. His personal dedication to the state of Florida was demonstrated when he began construction on his private residence, Kirkside, in St. Augustine. 0:00. "1892-A Year of Crucial Decisions in Florida", This page was last edited on 2 December 2022, at 15:49. [14] Standard was growing horizontally and vertically. [46], Realizing the need for a sound transportation system to support his hotel ventures, Flagler purchased short line railroads in what would later become known as the Florida East Coast Railway.
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